# Best of ethereum.org on Kiwi News Page: https://news.kiwistand.com/source/ethereum.org 16 stories from ethereum.org have been shared on Kiwi News since 1 October 2023, with 264 upvotes and 2 comments in total. The latest was shared on 6 September 2025. They are listed below, most upvoted first. Summaries are AI summaries of the linked article. ## 1. Ethereum Whitepaper - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Ethereum-Whitepaper?index=0x65191b2a0bcac272ade370280ffa05be960ede3a9e3184c56db43ce06a5621bc2c27b127 - Source: https://ethereum.org/whitepaper - Shared 1 October 2023, 191 upvotes, 0 comments The Ethereum whitepaper, published in 2014 before Ethereum launched, is kept online as a reference, though the site states that it no longer reflects Ethereum today. The paper describes Ethereum as a blockchain with a built-in, Turing-complete programming language for creating contracts that encode arbitrary state transition functions. Changes since 2014 cited on the site include the move from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake in The Merge in 2022, Layer 2 scaling solutions, and DeFi, NFTs, and DAOs emerging as major use cases. ## 2. Ethereum 10 Year Anniversary - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Ethereum-10-Year-Anniversary?index=0x686c42a59b7d4e423cb2a209bea2e2336d3c3e5c81856c25f81a04818752c239549bffaa - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/10years - Shared 7 July 2025, 28 upvotes, 1 comment Ethereum is marking its 10-year anniversary with the Ethereum Torch, a one-of-a-kind NFT meant to embody the decentralization and community that defined its first decade. The NFT will be passed from wallet to wallet among carefully selected community members, developers and builders who have shaped Ethereum over the past 10 years. Each holder keeps the torch for 24 hours before passing it to the next guardian. On July 30, the NFT will be burned to celebrate the anniversary. ## 3. Top crypto apps on Ethereum - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Top-crypto-apps-on-Ethereum?index=0x68a81a3fe56906fe68ec7b1b0a13d71991805fb2a51318da42a5bcb6cb261ed5c161faec - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/apps - Shared 22 August 2025, 13 upvotes, 0 comments ## 4. Ethereum whitepaper - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Ethereum-whitepaper?index=0x657789c837b1b1d533555922eb1f72717f89943e9e78681c780b756a189d4c1c5d8b26dc - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper - Shared 11 December 2023, 11 upvotes, 0 comments The page presents the original Ethereum whitepaper, published in 2014 before Ethereum launched, and notes that it no longer fully reflects Ethereum today. Since then, Ethereum moved from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake in The Merge (2022), layer 2 scaling solutions emerged, and DeFi, NFTs and DAOs became major use cases. The paper proposes a blockchain with a built-in Turing-complete programming language for encoding arbitrary state transition functions as contracts, and it also covers Bitcoin's proof-of-work consensus. ## 5. AI agents on ethereum - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/AI-agents-on-ethereum?index=0x67e3f0e60ad50b9751cd80400556d74e8a376c2d857d7212cdd3b723b4870059ae07d3ac - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/ai-agents - Shared 26 March 2025, 4 upvotes, 0 comments This Ethereum.org overview presents AI agents as software that can analyze onchain data, execute transactions, and pay for resources, and says Ethereum's features make them more autonomous and verifiable. It describes zkML and TEE attestations for verifying model execution, and the x402 protocol for agent payments using stablecoins. It also cites ERC-8004, co-authored by contributors from MetaMask, Ethereum Foundation, Google, and Coinbase, which is deployed on 16 networks. The article notes that AI agents remain early-stage and experimental. ## 6. Blockchain Data Storage Strategies - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Blockchain-Data-Storage-Strategies?index=0x681dacf54ff0f4f3f00ef6624d1ad759846c20702c52684362902f0fdae7d23691337bd1 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/data-availability/blockchain-data-storage-strategies - Shared 9 May 2025, 3 upvotes, 0 comments Blockchain data can be stored directly on-chain or secured by a blockchain, and the best choice depends on the data's source, destination, availability needs, and security requirements. Integrity is excellent across these options because hashes are posted on L1, while availability guarantees differ. EIP-4844 blobs offer cheap temporary storage lasting about 18 days, calldata is the cheapest permanent option at about 45 cents per kilobyte, and EVM storage is the most expensive, at about $19.5 per kilobyte. ## 7. Interactive Ethereum roadmap - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Interactive-Ethereum-roadmap?index=0x6818b99948c27fbe9dd13750d4edd67a9967ce56ab8b3b40e60ac75388e90641f2061850 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/roadmap - Shared 5 May 2025, 3 upvotes, 0 comments Ethereum is still being improved, and a planned set of upgrades is meant to take it from its current form into a fully scaled, maximally resilient platform. The article says Ethereum receives regular upgrades that enhance scalability, security, or sustainability, and that its ability to adapt to new research is one of its core strengths. The roadmap is mostly the work of years of effort by researchers and developers, though any motivated person can take part. Ideas usually begin as discussions on forums such as ethresear.ch, Ethereum Magicians, or the Eth R&D Discord server, and mature ideas can be proposed as Ethereum Improvement Proposals, a process conducted in public. ## 8. Decentralized science (DeSci) - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Decentralized-science-DeSci?index=0x6762e5e9f273105a085676c579b06d04174f717e00d57b5f20a8d316952138fbd77d7974 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/desci - Shared 18 December 2024, 2 upvotes, 0 comments Decentralized science (DeSci) is a movement that aims to build public infrastructure for funding, creating, reviewing, crediting, storing, and disseminating scientific knowledge using Web3 tools. The article says DeSci would let the public help determine funding through mechanisms such as quadratic donations or DAOs, and it argues that traditional publishing is costly, with total fees for individual papers often reaching five figures in USD. It also cites Web3 data tools such as IPFS, Arweave and Filecoin, and the dClimate project, which provides universal access to climate and weather data. ## 9. Regenerative Finance (ReFi) - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Regenerative-Finance-ReFi?index=0x661f4bfc0da3ff6fead04dc95d9b4590cb89b07b39d2efaf578bb5bf9db4bb7857da48bf - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/refi - Shared 17 April 2024, 2 upvotes, 0 comments Regenerative finance (ReFi) is a set of blockchain-based tools and ideas aimed at building regenerative economies rather than extractive ones, with value creation decoupled from unsustainable resource extraction. The article says ReFi draws on John Fullerton's regenerative economics, which proposes eight interconnected principles of systemic health. A major focus is tokenizing carbon credits: it describes the voluntary carbon market as suffering from fragmented liquidity, opaque transactions, high fees, slow trading and limited scalability, and says blockchain-based digital carbon markets can address these problems. The article also notes that ReFi extends beyond carbon to quadratic funding platforms such as Gitcoin. ## 10. Ethereum Proof-of-Stake attack and defense - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Ethereum-Proof-of-Stake-attack-and-defense?index=0x6811d2896fddb2cc8e6ec328123aab8f1f80055b10bddfdd33e68e401929baca213befc8 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/attack-and-defense#methods-of-attack - Shared 30 April 2025, 1 upvote, 1 comment Ethereum.org's page on proof-of-stake attacks and defenses outlines the attack vectors against Ethereum's consensus layer and how they can be countered. It says attackers realistically target three outcomes: reorgs, double finality, or finality delay, since they cannot mint ether or drain arbitrary accounts. Neuder et al. (2020) showed a validator can withhold a block and attestations to trigger a one-block ex ante reorg, a attack first described with a 30% stake and later shown viable with 2% of total stake. Balancing and bouncing attacks can halt finality by splitting honest validators, and the protocol counters them with proposer-weight boosting and changes to the fork-choice algorithm. ## 11. Fulu-Osaka (Fusaka) - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Fulu-Osaka-Fusaka?index=0x68bc7ecd382317ff0e58c10dd59792c039dbc0b61b6a2d703a0368be4bdccaac1a88762d - Source: https://ethereum.org/roadmap/fusaka - Shared 6 September 2025, 1 upvote, 0 comments Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade went live on December 3, 2025, following Pectra and combining the Osaka execution-layer upgrade with the Fulu consensus-layer version. The headline feature is PeerDAS, under which each full node stores only 1/8th of blob data, enabling a theoretical scale-up of up to 8x for layer 2 data. The upgrade also adds blob-parameter-only forks, which let clients raise blob targets between major upgrades, and sets the default gas limit to 60 million, paired with a per-transaction gas cap of 16,777,216 (2^24). ## 12. 2025 ethereum.org Translatathon - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/2025-ethereumorg-Translatathon?index=0x68af081e8acd673553be2219b37c7f98aeb789fda51de2e6af8343a0044e71ac23179c0b - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/contributing/translation-program/translatathon - Shared 27 August 2025, 1 upvote, 0 comments Ethereum.org is an open-source website project that more than 12,000 contributors help translate, write, design and maintain. Changes are submitted through GitHub pull requests, and decisions about individual PRs, design and major upgrades are made by a team drawn from across the Ethereum ecosystem. The Translation Program is winding down and no longer onboarding new translators, while merged contributions can earn an Onchain Achievement Token or a GitPOAP. The site credits 1,578 community members who have contributed so far. ## 13. Trillion Dollar Security Project - Security Challenges Overview Report - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Trillion-Dollar-Security-Project-Security-Challenges-Overview-Report?index=0x684935eb92d242de356d520d9c85623634dba5392f35ff1f9d9b0b022def0227b527b8e0 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/trillion-dollar-security - Shared 11 June 2025, 1 upvote, 0 comments The Ethereum Foundation's Trillion Dollar Security Project report, as the article presents it, identifies security challenges across user experience, smart contracts, and infrastructure, with the core problem being that users bear a heavy security burden on an irreversible blockchain. It says that blockchain transactions cannot be reversed once recorded, so a single mistake, compromised key, or rushed approval can cause irreversible loss. Key management is singled out, with seed phrases often stored insecurely and hardware wallets carrying their own risks of loss, theft, and supply chain attacks. On smart contracts, the article says security has improved since the DAO hack but lists remaining weaknesses, including upgrade risk, re-entrancy, and unlimited token approvals. ## 14. Ethereum Energy Consumption - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Ethereum-Energy-Consumption?index=0x679e02d0d29d661fa0a80a0ef804ce92168cef03b96acf1d9c2510a214c2cd0c9d0fa087 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/energy-consumption - Shared 1 February 2025, 1 upvote, 0 comments Ethereum's energy consumption is estimated at about 0.0026 TWh per year across its entire global network, according to a bottom-up study by the Crypto Carbon Ratings Institute (CCRI). The study estimated 2,601 MWh of annual electricity consumption, corresponding to yearly emissions of 870 tonnes CO2e. CCRI estimates that The Merge, Ethereum's move from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake, cut annualized electricity consumption by more than 99.988% and carbon footprint by approximately 99.992%, from 11,016,000 tonnes CO2e to 870. ## 15. The complete guide to Ethereum - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/The-complete-guide-to-Ethereum?index=0x66ed632aa28229b860f329ba7a8896d22bdcaf9b53776974ad04741ae8ac621465dfd2f4 - Source: https://ethereum.org/en - Shared 20 September 2024, 1 upvote, 0 comments Ethereum is described as having run continuously since 2015 without a single second of downtime. Its code is open for anyone to verify, no company runs it, and thousands of independent operators worldwide keep it going. Changes happen through open proposals that anyone can join, and ZKsync says its Airbender Prime proved 99% of 7,200 Ethereum blocks in under 10 seconds each on one GPU. ## 16. Validium - Kiwi News: https://news.kiwistand.com/stories/Validium?index=0x6643dd9b2e12a220e069a6fd3a940dc7b65080c7fde64642793a4fd995aff1530b1c93ec - Source: https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/scaling/validium - Shared 14 May 2024, 1 upvote, 0 comments Validium is a scaling solution that uses validity proofs like ZK-rollups to verify offchain transactions, but does not store transaction data on Ethereum Mainnet. Its offchain data availability enables higher throughput and lower fees, with the article citing validiums processing about 9,000 transactions per second, though it creates a risk that operators withholding offchain data can freeze user funds. To reduce that risk, some validiums use a data availability committee of trusted entities, while others use bonded data availability, where participants stake tokens that are slashed if they fail to prove data availability.