How Kiwi News Protocol works

Kiwi News Protocol is an open, permissionless peer-to-peer protocol that distributes user-generated content and synchronizes nodes using a Merkle Patricia trie. Nodes accept posts only from Ethereum addresses that minted the "Hyperkiwification" NFT, which the protocol uses for sybil resistance. The article argues that plain gossip broadcasting cannot keep offline nodes in sync, so it uses set reconciliation, starting with a bitmap approach and then moving to Merkle trees. It says bitmaps become impractical because message sets are unpredictably sized and hash outputs reach 2^256 - 1, while Merkle trees allow peers to compare subtrees level by level and skip matching sections.