Reclaiming Europe’s Digital Sovereignty

Francesca Bria argues that Europe's dependence on foreign digital infrastructure is a political failure rather than a cultural one, and that building sovereign technological capacity is necessary. She writes that just 4% of global cloud infrastructure is European-owned, and that European governments, businesses and citizens depend on systems run by Amazon, Microsoft and Google, which are subject to the U.S. CLOUD Act. Bria also disputes Benjamin Bratton's charges that Europe's regulation-first approach and critical intellectuals cause its paralysis, arguing that the problems are weak enforcement, no industrial policy at scale and decades of market fundamentalism.