Shipping an L1 zkEVM #1: Realtime Proving

The Ethereum Foundation proposes shipping an L1 zkEVM in under a year by first letting validators opt into clients that verify several zk proofs from different zkVMs, each proving a different EVM implementation, instead of re-executing blocks. It also proposes a standardized definition of realtime proving for zkVM teams to target, with a latency of 10 seconds or less for the 99th percentile of mainnet blocks, on-prem hardware costing at most 100k USD, power draw of at most 10kW, fully open-source code, at least 128 bits of security, and proof size of at most 300KiB with no trusted setups. The article notes that 100 bits of security would be accepted in the initial months of deployment, and that home proving is intended to strengthen liveness and censorship resistance.