Zero is the Future of Money

Beyond both the standard monetary system and Bitcoin, a synthesis is needed, the text argues. It describes money as three layers: central banks and treasuries at the base, commercial banks issuing a much larger second layer, and payment players such as PayPal issuing a third. Money is created when issued and destroyed when redeemed, like a promise, which makes the system dynamic and, in the text's description, controlled by an oligopoly of players. The text cuts off before setting out the synthesis.