„From the river to the sea“ slogan is being criminalized in the EU

"From the river to the sea" is a political slogan for the area between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, calling for a single state there. According to historian Robin D. G. Kelley, the Palestine Liberation Organization used it in the 1960s, and by 1969 it meant one democratic secular state replacing Israel. Many pro-Palestinian activists see it as a call for peace and equality, while many pro-Israel groups read it as a call for Israel's dissolution and describe it as antisemitic. Hamas used the phrase in its 2017 charter, some countries have considered criminalizing its use, and courts have found it can be protected expression depending on context.